Understanding Railroad Warning Signs and Their Legacy

Over 160,000 route miles of railroad track traverse the United States. Often, it just takes a few miles down an old track to be transported back in history by an old patina-covered patina-covered railroad crossing sign.

Railroad signs are functional safety devices and iconic symbols integrated across the American landscape. For over a century, these bold and timeless signs have been crucial in protecting motorists and pedestrians from the dangers of train crossings.

This post explores the origins, development, and exciting facts about some of the most common railroad warning signs.

Crossbuck Sign (R15-1)

The Crossbuck is a mandatory sign at every public highway-rail grade crossing in the United States. Its simple yet effective design was standardized in 1935, drawing inspiration from the skull and crossbones—a universal symbol of danger.

In the United States, the X-shaped sign reads "RAILROAD CROSSING" in bold letters. In Europe and Australia, signs read "RAILWAY CROSSING."

This iconic sign serves as a yield sign, reminding drivers to give the right of way to trains. Its stark black-and-white contrast grabs attention and conveys a sense of urgency, cementing it as the icon of railroad crossings.  

Grade Crossing Advance Warning Sign (W10-1)

Perhaps the most legendary railroad crossing sign is the circular yellow "RR" Advance Warning Sign emboldened with a black X crossing image. This iconic sign dates back to 1920 and is placed ahead of an upcoming railroad crossing to prepare motorists.

Advance Warning Signs are commonly placed 750 feet before a crossing in rural areas and 250 feet in urban settings.

This iconic sign's proven effectiveness has earned its place in American history, saving many lives along the way.

Diamond Shaped Track and Road Sign (W10-2,3,4)

Another critical sign near railroad crossings is the diamond-shaped grade crossing sign, which typically depicts a road intersecting with train tracks. Often placed closer to the crossing, this sign serves as a visual reminder of the interaction ahead. Its purpose is to provide an extra layer of caution, particularly in areas where the crossing might not be immediately visible.

The diamond shape, distinct from most other road signs, ensures that it catches the attention of drivers, reinforcing the need for careful navigation.

Look for Trains

Not all oncoming trains are perfectly visible, and many rural crossings have no crossing arms. That's where the straightforward yet impactful 'Look For Trains' sign comes in.

Its clear message and simple design make it essential to the safety signage at crossings.

Stop on Red Signal Sign

The "Stop on Red Signal" sign is essential to railroad crossing safety, particularly at intersections equipped with flashing lights and gates. Historically, these signs were designed not just for clarity but also for visibility under various conditions.

From the 1940s to 1970s, glass reflectors called "cat eyes" helped to enhance visibility for approaching vehicles at night, making the Stop on Red Signal text visible. This design choice was part of a broader effort to improve safety as railroad crossings became increasingly busy with both train and vehicle traffic, marking a significant evolution from the past's rudimentary signs and manual systems.

Multiple Track Sign

 The Multiple Track sign indicates the number of tracks present at a crossing. Its straightforward design, usually featuring a simple rectangular shape with a number displayed prominently, reminds drivers that after one train passes, another may be approaching on a different track. This sign's clear message and visual clarity enhance safety by ensuring that drivers remain vigilant.

Interesting Facts and Historical Tidbits

• The first automated, flashing red light railroad crossing signal appeared around 1913, significantly improving crossing safety.
• Wigwag signals, which swung back and forth when activated, were first introduced around 1914. They simulated the motion of a swinging lantern—a traditional "stop" signal on American railroads.
• Before automated signals became common, railroad employees manually activated signals or gates to protect the busiest railroad crossings.
• Automated crossing gates first appeared in the 1930s, adding another layer of safety to railroad crossings.
• Railroad crossing warning signs weren't standardized in the United States until 1949. Before that, railroad companies varied their designs, creating a diverse and interesting array of signage across the country.
• The Low Ground Clearance Grade Crossing sign, with its distinctive yellow diamond shape, alerts drivers of vehicles with low ground clearance about potential risks at crossings with steep profiles or uneven surfaces.

The Aesthetic Appeal of Railroad Signs 

Railroad crossing signs are vital for safety and serve as historical markers that reflect the evolution of transportation in America. Their distinctive designs and colors make them stand out as essential symbols of caution and awareness.

As these signs continue to evolve, incorporating advanced technologies like predictive systems, they remain a vital and visually striking part of our transportation infrastructure.